The main difference between Active Transport and Passive Transport is the requirement for energy. Active Transport uses cellular energy (ATP) to move molecules against a concentration gradient, while Passive Transport use natural concentration gradients without energy input.
Active vs Passive Transport
Here are the main differences between active and passive transport:
| Property | Passive Transport | Active Transport |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Requirement | Does not require cellular energy | Requires cellular energy (ATP) |
| Concentration Gradient | Moves from high to low concentration | Moves against concentration gradient (low to high) |
| Molecule Types | Small, soluble molecules (oxygen, water, etc.) | All types of molecules (proteins, sugars, ions, etc.) |
| Function | Maintains equilibrium | Maintains homeostasis (internal environment) |
| Process | Physical process (diffusion, osmosis) | Active, selective process using carrier proteins |
| Speed and Direction | Slower, bidirectional | Faster, unidirectional |
| Influenced by Temperature | No | Yes |
| Influenced by Metabolic Inhibitors | No | Yes |
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